Istanbul's climate is characterized by a distinct seasonal pattern. Winters are chilly and unpredictable, with temperatures fluctuating between freezing cold and mild, averaging around 8-9°C in January and February. As spring approaches, temperatures gradually rise, reaching averages of 12°C in April and 18°C in May, marking the beginning of warm and pleasant weather. Summers are hot and humid, with July and August being the hottest months, averaging around 26°C. Autumn brings a welcome respite from the heat, with temperatures cooling down to averages of 15-21°C from September to November, before dipping back into chilly winter conditions.