Madrid's winters are chilly and unpredictable, with temperatures fluctuating between -13°C and 21°C. Spring brings a gradual warming trend, with April often being the first month to consistently reach average highs above 15°C. Summer is hot and dry, with July and August typically experiencing the highest temperatures, sometimes reaching as high as 42°C or 44°C. Autumn cools down significantly, but still offers pleasant days in September and October, while November and December bring a return to winter's chill. Overall, Madrid's temperature range allows for mild winters and long, warm summers.