Pretoria's climate is characterized by mild winters and warm summers, with temperatures fluctuating greatly throughout the year. During winter months (June to August), temperatures range from just below freezing to mid-teens, averaging around 10°C. Spring (September to November) brings warmer days, often reaching highs of up to 36°C, while autumn (March to May) is cooler, with average highs in the low twenties. Summer months (December to February) are warm, but not scorching, with temperatures rarely exceeding 32°C. Overall, Pretoria's temperature varies significantly throughout the seasons, with an average annual range of around 15-20°C between summer and winter extremes.