Yinchuan experiences a semi-arid climate with distinct seasonal variations. Winters are cold and dry, with temperatures often below freezing from December to February, averaging around -4°C in January. Spring arrives in late March, bringing mild temperatures ranging from 5-10°C, with an average of 8°C. Summer is hot and humid, with July being the warmest month, but temperatures rarely exceed 30°C. Autumn is generally dry and cool, with September marking a significant drop in temperature to around 10-15°C.