Shanghai's climate is characterized by mild winters and hot, humid summers. In winter, temperatures range from -8°C to 21°C, with average lows around 6°C in January, making it the coolest month. Spring arrives in March, with temperatures gradually warming up to a pleasant average of 12°C, while summer brings sweltering heat, often reaching highs above 35°C, peaking in July and August. Autumn is mild, with comfortable temperatures ranging from 11°C to 32°C, until November when the mercury starts to dip again. The temperature fluctuations are relatively small throughout the year, except for the drastic drop in winter and rapid rise in summer.